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T. 1. McADAMS. COMBINATION TOOL. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 1. I918.

Patented Dec. 9,1919.

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COMBINATION TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 1. ma.

1 24,509. Patented Dec. 9, 1919.

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THOMAS J. McADAMS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

coMBINArioN-roon Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 9, 1919.

Application filed October 7, 1918. Serial No. 257,125.

To all whom it may concern:

3e it known that I, Tirorms J. McADAMs, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Combination-Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to combination tools, and more particularly to a combined ratchet brace and lifting jack. It has for its principal objects toproduce a structure which is simple, and yet powerful and rapid in operation; to provide for the ready interchange anduse of different attachments or implements, such as drill, screw-driver or wrench-socket bits, etc; and the quick change of the device from brace to lifting jack, and vice versa; and to attain certain advantages as will hereinafter more fully appear.

The invention consists in the novel construction, and in the parts and combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and then set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating a practical embodiment of the invention,-

Figure 1 is aview in side elevation;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. -l is a horizontal section on the line l-% of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a similar view on the line 55 of Fig. 2; r

6 is a section of a socketed base for supporting the device as a lifting ack;

Fig. 7 is a detail view, partly in section, of a swiveled jack-table or shelf;

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the relative arrangement of the ratchet-pins; and

Figs. 9 and 10 are detail views illustrating the application of a. holding and feeding apparatus for drilling purposes.

Referring now to the drawing, the numeral 1 designates the handle or stock of the device, which may be made of hard wood or metal, as desired. Secured on the handle, as

by a socket or ferrule portion 2, is a'body or head, whose lower and upper portions 3, a, respectively, are substantially cylindrical and coinciding axially with the handle 1, while an intermediate portion 5 is also substantially cylindrical. but with its aXis crosswise.

In the body or head is an axial bore 6 through which a spindle or shaft 7 extends and is capable of both endwise and rotative movement therein; while in the handle or stock proper is a continuationfif" of said bore 6, but preferably, though not necessarily, of slightly lar er diameter. Onthe outer end of the spindle 7 is a head or collar 8 afi'ordinga thrust bearing with the bushing 9 which is screw-threaded into the end portion l of the body and held in place by a jamnut 9 Journaled in a loose, flanged bearing sleeve or bushing 10 in the recessed inner portion 11 of the bushing 9 is a beveled pin ion 12 which has a key or spline 1'3 slidably fitting a longitudinal groove 1&1 in the spindle 7, whereby the latter isrotated with, but permitted to move en'dwise through, said pinion12, said groove being shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2, but more clearly in Fig. 5.

The spindle 7 is screw-threaded from its inner end, as at. 15, for a greater or lesser portion of its length; and adjacent'to where the threads 15 terminate, it is provided with an annular groove 16.

Working. transversely in the body portion 3 are two diametrically-opposed, reciprocatory clutch members or latch-pins 17 which are adapted to engage the groove 16 so as to swivel the spindle 7; that is, permit rotation of the spindle, but hold it from endwise movement during such engagement.

In the body portion 3, also, are two other, like opposed and movable, clutch members or blocks 18 having their meeting end portions concavcd and screw-threaded correspondingly to the screw-threaded portion 15 of the spindle 7, so that, when engaged with the latter, and the members 17 are disengaged-from the groove 16, the spindle is caused to travel endwise as it is rotated.

It is desirable to effect a simultaneous and relative inverse actuation or adjustment of the members 17 and 18. Therefore, a means is provided to move the one set inward while permitting the other set to move outward. As shown, the members 17 have beveled heads 17 between which and the shoulders. at the inner ends of enlargements of the slideways in which the members work, are interposed springs 19; while the members 18 have similar heads 18 and the interposed springs 20. r

otatable on the body portion 8 is a ring 21, preferably nurled or otherwise circumi erentially formed or provided to facilitate its manipulation, and having apertures 22, corresponding to the heads 1?, and additional apertures 28 for the heads 18, the one set of apertures being diametrically disposed in a different direction from the other set; that is, the arrangement is such that when the ring 21 is. turned to bring the one set of apertures in position to receive the corresponding heads or the membes 17 or 18, as the case may be, the other set of apertures is out of eceiving position. Consequently, while the one set of clutch members 17 or 18' is in, the other is out or", engagement with the spindle 7.

The ends of the apertures 22 and 23 are beveled correspondingly to the bevel or" the heads 17 and 18*, so as to readily engage idle latter with cam effect as the sleeve 21 is turned, and thereby force the respective members 17 or 18 inward against the presof the springs 19 and 20, and into ongaging relation to the spindle 7; and in which posi ion they are maintained until the sleeve is turned to bring the respective apertures back to position to release said members (see Figs. 2, 4 and 5).

The sleeve 21 is further provided with addiocnapertures for the members 17, and likewise additional apertures 23 for the members 18, s: id apertures and 23 being so "ranged and correlated as to permit both the members i? and 18 to be released from engagement with the spindle 7 at the same time, whereby to permit the spindle to be readily withr raivn from, and returned to, the stock at will.

To hold the sleeve 21 in adjusted position and to permit it to be readily released to eiiect the adjustments of the members 17 and 18, as above noted, it is provided with spring-pressed latch member 21 having a pin or stud 21* which operates through an aperture in the sleeve and engages in either one of three recesses 3, 3" or 3 provlded therefor in the body portion 3 (see Fig. Ev tnis arrangement, when the pin 21 is in the recess 3, both the members 17 and 18 are out or": engagement with the spindle 7, as 111 this position of the sleeve the apertures 22 are brought to receiving position for the heads 17 and the apertures 23 to receiving position for the heads 18, and during which time the spindle withdrawable and insertible through the bores 6 and 6 of the stock, as just above pointed out.

When the pinQl is in the recess 3 the apertures and are out of receiving position with respect to the heads 17 and conseqnently the members 17 are held in engaging relation to the spindle 7; while the apertures 23 are in receiving position for the heads 18 and the members 18 are therefore out of engaging relation to the spindle. During this time the spindle is held swivelly.

When the pin 21 is in the recess 3, the apertures 22 are brought into receiving position for the heads 17 and the apertures 23 and 23 are out 01 receiving position for the heads 18, so that the members 18 engage the spindle.

The opposite, transverse body portions 5 are chambered cylindrically, and extending outward, axially therethrough, are bearing or axle extensions at from the medial bod portion 25; while the end 01": said body portion 25 aiiords a thrust bearing for the pinion 12.

Journaled with their hubs freely rotatable on the said axle extensions 2% are beveled gears 26, 26, respectively, which are constantly in mesh with said ainion 12; and on the outer faces of said. gears 26, 26, are annular series of clutch teeth 27, 27, respectively. Preferably, these teeth are provided on a separate disk 28 whi h is detachably secured to the gear, as by sleeving aid their on the hub of the gear and slotting the hub to receive a fin or key projection on the disk. As shown, the hub is slotte diametrically, entirely across; and the disk has, of course, two of said fins or key projections diametrically opposed and fitting the slot on opposite sides of the hub.

The clutch teeth 27, 27 are segmental;

that is, they are segments of: an anruilar rib or collar on the outer face of the dish, and, therefore, each tooth presents a square shoulder on opposite sides. This is to afford an engagement of the ratchet-pins, here inafter described, to rotate the disk in opposite directions, as will be later more fully set forth. 4

Rotatable on the bearings or ae extensions 2st, in abutting relation to the outer faces of the teeth 27, 27 o" he disks are circular actuator or dri' H l 29, said blocks being retained .1 place collars 30 on securing studs 31, which latter are inserted in axial bores in said axle extensions 24: and have a screw-thrcaderil engagement therewith at their inner ends, as at 32.

lVorking in openings 33 in the driving block 29, is a pair of oppositely-arianged ratchet-pins 34:, 345. That is, said pins have oppositely beveled heads 35, 35, respectively, at their inner ends, so that the dish 28 and its subjoined gear 26 are rotated in either direction when the driving block is rotated, and according to which or said ratchet-pins may be in engaging relation to the clutch teeth 27 of the disk.

The ratchet-pins are normally pressed inward by springs 36, and they are selectively held out of operative relation to the clutch teeth 27 27 by a co trivance as will be presently pointed out.

The opposite driving block 29" is likewise provided with a similarly arranged pair of said ratchet-pins, butin reverse order to those on said block 29 (see Fig. 8),

Hence, when the pin 3d of the block 29, and the corresponding pin on the opposite block 29 are inoperative engaging relation with respect to the teeth 27, 27, respectively, and said blocks are oscillated together, the gear 9c is rotated in one direction and the gear 26* in the opposite direction; ant the pinion 12, which is in mesh with both of said gears, is rotated correspondingly therewith in one and the same direction. That is, on the one stroke of the driving blocks, the pin of the block 29 engages its companion toothed disk, thereby rotating the gear 26, and through it the pinion 12, which latter in turn drives the gear 26 in the direction opposite to that in which the gear 26 is moving; and during this time the teeth 27 of the disk on said gear 96 are riding over the beveled end portion of the ratchetpin of the block Un the return stroke, the ratchet-pin oi the block engages the teeth of its companion toothed disk and the gear 2% is thereby driven by said driving block 29 in the same direction in which it just previously driven by the pinion 12; and during this time the gear 26 is, or course,rbeing driven by the pinion 12 in the same direction in which it had been driven by its companion driving block 29.

-To actuate the driving blocks 29, 29 they have the end portions 37, 37 of the forks 38, 38 of a bifurcated or substair tially V-shape operating handle or power lever 39 secured theret As shown, the engagement of the members 38, 88 *ith the respective driving blocks 29, 9-9, is eiiected by dovetailing the portions 37, 37 of the handle 89 and fitting them into counterpart undercut grooves in said driving blocks and fastening them in place, as by screws 40.

Preferably, the stem portion of the handle or lever 39 is received normally in a groove ll provided therefor in the handle or stock 1 of the device (see Fig. 1). This 1s for the sake of compactness and as a guard for the handle stem when the device is not in use.

To simultaneously set therespective correlated ratchet-pins on both of the driving blocks 29, 29 into and out of operative engaging relation to the respective clutch disks 28, semi-circular adjusting plates d2 are slidably mounted on the outer faces of said driving blocks, as by a slot-and-stud connection l8 (see Fig. l), and by providing cam slots er, 45, in said plates, in which latter the ratchet-pins slidably engage, as will now be described.

Each of the ratchet-pins has a beveled undercut head d6 which is freely movc ble in the enlarged portion at? of the cam slot, while the neck portion slidably fits the restricted portion 01" the slot. 7

By reversing the slots 44-, 45, as shown in Fig. l, and beveling the walls thereof, where the restricted portions and enlargements merge, as at $8, the one of the ratchetpins of the particular driving block is withdrawn from engagement with the teeth of the disk 28 when the aljusting plate is moved to engage the neck of the pin with the restricted portion of its particular slot;

while the other ratchet-pm has its head in the enlargement of its particular slot and shape piece or yoke 51, which latter is slid ably mounted on the handle 39 at about'the junction of the stem and forks thereof, in

some suitable manner, as at 52; and the device is provided with a suitable knob-like protuberance or grasping piece 53. By this means, the actuation of the adjusting plates is efi'ected by merely shifting the operating piece or yoke 51 longitudinally of the handle 39, no matter in what position the latter may be; the movement of the adustin slates 4L2 bemolimited b the slote l e and-stud connection 43, and obviously by correspondingly limiting the movement at he slidable connection 52 between the yoke 51 and handle In the head 8 ot' the spindle 7 may be provided a frusto-pyramidal socket 54:, as shown, or, obviously, any suitable or approved chuck or fastening device, for the detachable engagement of various attachments or implements interchangeably, such as drill, screwdriver, or wrenclrsocket bits, or the lifting jack attachments hereinafter described, when it is desired to use the de- 1 vice as a brace or may be.

As shown in Figs. land 2, a screwdriver lifting jack, as the case cit 55 is in place; while in Fig. 7 there is illustrated, detached, a jack-tabl or shelf 56 which has a swiveled shank 57 with interposed ball-bearings 58. In Fig. 6 a supporting base for the device when used as a lifting jack is shown as comprising a fiat plate 59' with an upstanding annular flange 60 constituting a socket for the reception of the end portion of the stock 1.

By the construction shown, a double-act; ing ratchet efiect is attained by oscillating the operating handle or power lever 39 about the axis oi the driving locks 29, 29, while holding the stock 1 from rotation; and, as hercinbe'fore described, the spindle Y is rotated either swivelly or with endwise movem nt, depending as [to whether the clutch members 1''? or 18 are in operative engagement with the spindle. So, too, in some cases where it may not be convenient to oscillate the handle 39 about the axis of the driving blocks 29, 29, it may be set at a right angle, or to the axis of the stock 1, and with it as a lever and oscillated about the axis of the stock 1, the device will, by reason of the arrangement of the correi t-pins which happen to be in end ra c c 'ing relation to the teeth of the disks 28,

t red as a whole in one direction on the t he s ;0 or the lever; while upon the opit stroke or re lever, the spindle 7 will remain stationary, due to the slippage of the beveled end portions or the ratchet-p1ns over the teeth of the disks 28, the efiect beof a single-acting ratchet.

swiveled table 56 of the charnown in l l 7, a substantial support pyramidal p oj ction 62 to -t a counterpart socket provided therefor in the end of the n a metal head til applied either with a liar or tori: portion (35, as shown in F119.

forming a lining for the bore 6", g. I); and in which latter 1 the tube 66 may be secured rtion as by screw-tlneaded l The cr ss bar 61 is provided with an angulerly di posed handle 67, which may be of the piste. grip type as shown, or otherwise desirable; while an axial socket 68 is provided within the )rojection 62 to receive the smooth end portion 69 of the feeding screw '?O; the end of the screw being rounded and abutting the bottom of the socket 68.

A crossbar 71 has a central, apertured enlargement or boss 72 which is screw-threaded to engage the threads of the screw 70. This cross-bar is provided with parallel guide l .s 73 which slide through apertures proed therefor in the first-mentioned crossar 61, so that the two cross-bars are held tion 76. and a drill-bit 7? is placed in the socket 8 ready for the drilling operation. rasping the handle 67 and actuated descrews 70,

Obviously, operating the ver 39, the drill is through the echanisin hcreinbeforc scribed; and by rotating tl= through the medium. of the 1 work. It is, cl course, under-s feeding screw operated .i That is, the operator, after ope er 39 for a wl ile to drive ill the same hand to iuauipu screw '70, while maint on the handle 5? w' i his other h Obviously, the dev admits oi able modification without in the parting from the spirit of the inventi lheretore, it is not limited to ll hat is claimed is:

1. in a device of the character do; :ribed. a spindle, ratchet driving mechanism r01- imparting rotation to said spindle and pemitting endwise movement thereof. means engagebie with said spindle for holding the same swivelly, and means for engaging said spindle to cause it to move endise during rotation, the one of said means being incilective when the o her effect "'7 l 2. in a device of the r-l -arac-t a spindle, a pinion harm n I engagement with said spindle, whereby the latter is rotatable therewith but permitted cndwise movement with respect thereto, means engageable with said spindle for holding the same swivelly, means for engaging said spindle to cause it to more em ..i :e during rotation, the one of said means being incl? fective when the other is eirective, oppo sitely arranged gears engaging said pinion, whereby to rotate the latter in one and the same direction, oscillatory driving members for the respective gears, ratchet members on said driving members engageable with the respective gears, the one of said ratchet members being the reverse to the other on one of said driving mel'nbers, and likewise on the other driving memher but in. reverse order, a lever for actuating said driving mem ers together ii eitherdirection, and means for placing in engaging relation the one or said ratch t members on one of said driving members siiuultaneously with the Hill ill-5 correlated ratchet member on the other driv ing member, and at the same time placing the other correlated ratchet membersout of engaging relation, whereby to operate said gears reversely in either direction.

3. In a device of the character described, a stock, a spindle, ratchet driving mechanism for imparting rotation to said spindle and permitting endwise movement thereof, means for engaging said spindle to hold the same swivelly, means for engaging said spindle to cause it to move endwise during rotation, means for controlling said two mentioned means selectively, whereby vthe' one is effective while the other in ineffective, and means at the end of said spindle for the interchangeable attachment of implements of different character,whereby the. device ma be used either as a brace or a lifting j a ch.

-il. In a device of the character described, a stock, a detachable supporting base for said stock, a spindle rotatable in said stock and being also capable of endwise movement with respect thereto, said spindle having means at its end for the interchangeable attachment of implements of different character, whereby the device may be used either as a brace or a lifting jack, a portion of said spindle being screw-threaded, a clutch memher having screw-threads corresponding to the screw-threads on said spindle, whereby, when in engagement therewith, said spindle is caused to move endwise during its rotation, a clutch member engageable withsaid spindle to hold it swivelly, means for efiecting the engagement of the respective clutch members selectively, and whereby the one member is inefiective when the other is et festive, and reversible ratchet driving mech anism for imparting rotation to said spindle in either direction at will.

In a. combined brace and lifting jack, a stock, a spindle rotatable therein and being capable of endwise movement with respect thereto, a clutch member movable transversely in said stock, said spindle and clutch member being relatively arranged for engagement whereby the spindle is held swivelly, a spring acting on said clutch member to normally move the same outor' engagement with said spindle, a second clutch member likewise movable in said stock for engagement with said spindle and being relatively arranged therewith to cause it to move endwise when rotated, and a sleeve rotatable on said stock and having openings to receive the outer end portions of said clutch members, the opening. for the one clutch member being in a different diametrical direction from that for the other clutch member, the edges of said openings and corresponding edges of said clutch members bee ing correspondingly cam-shaped, whereby, when said sleeve is turned to take the openings out of receiving position said clutch members are respectively forced inward into engaging relation with said spindle.

6. In a device of the chancter described,

a driving pinion, oppositely arranged gears engaging said pinion whereby the said gears rotate in opposite directions when the pinion rotates in either direction, an annular seriesof clutch teeth on said gears, oscillatory driving members for the respective gears, said driving members being rotatable together in either direction, pairs of reversed, spring-pressed, beveled ended ratchet-pins on said driving members for engagement with said clutch teeth, the one of said pins of each pair being made to drive the companion gear in one direction, and the other pin to drive the same in the opposite direction, and the pair of ratchet pins on the other driving member being arranged in reverse order, whereby said gears are rotated in reverse direction, said ratchetpins having stem portions with tapered undercut heads at their outer ends, adjusting plates slidable on said driving members and having cam slots, said slots having restricted portions to which the stems of said ratchet pins are slidably fitted and enlargements to which the heads of said pins are likewise fitted, the walls of said slots where the restricted portions and enlargements thereof merge being cam-shaped, and the cam slot for the one pin being reversed with respect to the other, whereby, whenthe one ratchetpin on the driving member is in engaging relation to the clutch teeth of the companion gear the other pin of the pair is held out of such relation, and means for simultaneously actuating said adjusting plates.

7 In a device of the character described, a spindle, ratchet driving-mechanism for imparting rotation to said spindle and per mitting endwise movement thereof, .a clutch device. for engaging said spindle to hold the same swivelly, a clutch device for engaging said spindle to cause it to move endwise during rotation, and a controlling device for said clutch devices, said controlling device being operable to efiect the release of both of said clutch devices simultaneously from said spindle, and also to render the one clutch device effective while the other is ineffective.

8. In a device of the character described, a spindle, driving mechanism for imparting rotation to said spindle and permitting endwise movement thereof, said spindle having means for engagement of a clutch member to hold it swivelly, and having a screwthreaded portion forengagement of a clutch member to give it endwise movement during rotation, a clutch member for the said Swivel engagement, a clutch member for engag ment with the said screw-threaded portion of the spindle, and a controlling device for said clutch members, said controlling device being operable to effect the simultaneous disengagement of said two mentioned clutch members, and also for rendering the one member ineffective While the other is effective.

In a device of the character described, a stock having a socket in its end, and a holding and feeding attachment, the latter having a supporting member provided with a portion to rigidly but detachably engage in said socket of the stock, and also having agripping handle, a second member capable of longitudinal movenent only with respect to said supporting idemloer, and having means for attachmen to the Work, and a feeding screw Working through said second-mentioned member and bearing endwise on said supporting member.

10. In a device of the character described, a stock having a non-circular socket in its end, and a holding and feeding attachment, the latter comprising a supporting bar having acounterpart extension to rigidly but detachably fit said socket of the stock, and also having a gr'pping handle, a second bar having guide rods slidable through apertures provided therefor in said supporting bar, and having provision at its ends for engagement of a Work attaching element, and a feeding screw workin through said second-mentioned bar, axialiy with respect to said stock, and bearing endwise in a socket provided therefor in said first-mentioned supporting bar.

Signed at St. Louis, Missouri, this 9th day of August, 1918.

THOMAS J. MOADAMS. 

